Life
1844-1889; b. Essex; converted Roman Catholic, 1866; studied for Jesuit
priesthood at Stonyhurst, 1868; considered a tactless preacher, he compared
the Church to a cow with seven distended teats in a sermon on the Eucharist
to a group of devout London ladies; appt. to chair of Greek and Latin
at UCD (Catholic University), under John Newman, 1884, against virulent
opposition of Archb. William Walsh (‘To seem a stranger lies my life
/ Among strangers’); subjected to Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius
and overwhelmed by admin. and academic work, ill and depressed; passed
time at Clongowes Wood College, Dromore (Co. Down), and the Cassidy family,
friends of the Jesuits and ‘loyalists’ at Monasterevin House
and both Togher House in Monasterevin; wrote Dark Sonnets in Ireland;
d. 8 June; bur. in Jesuit plot at Glasnevin Cemetery; there is a Hopkins
Quarterly and an annual summerschool at Monasterevin conducted under
the aegis of the poet Desmond Egan. DNB OCEL OCIL
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Works
Poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins, ed. Robert Bridges [2nd edn.,]
with app. of additional poems, and Critical Introduction by Charles Williams
(OUP 1930), xvi, 159pp.; Claude Colleer Abbott, ed., The Letters of
Gerard Manley Hopkins to Robert Bridges (OUP 1935; 1955); Christopher
Devlin, S.J., ed., The Sermons and Devotional Writings of Gerard Manley
Hopkins (London 1959) [infra].
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Robert Bernard Martin, Gerard Manley Hopkins: A Very Private Life, Harper Collins [1991], 448pp.
Gerald Roberts, ed. & intro., Gerard Manley Hopkins: The Critical
Heritage (London: Routledge 1987), xiv, 400pp. [intro. pp.1-47].
Joseph J. Feeney, ‘My Dearest Father, Some unpublished letters of Gerard Manley Hopkins’, Times Literary Supplement, 22 Dec. 1996
Matthew Campbell, ‘Gerard Manley Hopkins and Ireland: ‘at a thírd / Remove’, in Bullán: An Irish Studies Journal, Vol. 3, No. 1 (Spring 1997), pp.45-56.
Norman White, Hopkins in Ireland (UCD Press 2002), 236pp. [Kevin Kiely, review of Norman White, Hopkins in Ireland (UCD Press 2002), in Books Ireland, Sept. 2002, p.201; Brian Cosgrove, ‘A small belated atonement’, review of Noram White, Hopkins in Ireland, in The Irish Times (13 July 2002, Weekend, p.8).
There is a website at www.gerardmanleyhopkins.org.
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Notes
British Library from 1975 at June 1998), WORKS, [1]; Thomas Hugh
Dunne, Gerard Manley Hopkins a comprehensive bibliography; [2]; Poems
and prose Hopkins. c1996; [3]; The wreck of the Deutschland Gerard Manley
Hopkins. 1996; [4]; ‘God's grandeur’ and other poems Gerard
Manley Hopkins. 1995; [5]; Pied beauty a selection of poems Gerard Manley
Hopkins. 1994; [6]; Robert Van de Weyer, ed., and intro., The complete
poems with selected prose Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1996; [7]; Donald Walhout,
Selected poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins with modern English paraphrases.
c1995; [8]; Gerald Roberts, ed., Selected prose Gerard Manley Hopkins.
1980; [9]; The works of Gerard Manley Hopkins with an introduction and
bibliography. c1994; [10]; John McDermott, ed,. Hopkins' Lancashire sesquicentennial
essays. 1994; [11]; Catherine Phillips [ed.,], Gerard Manley Hopkins.
1995; [12]; Peter Feeney, ed., Selected poems Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1994;
[13]; The windhover. 1958; [14]; Geoffrey Moore, sel. and intro., Gerard
Manley Hopkins. 1993; [15]; Thomas Hardy és Gerald Manley Hopkins
versei [válogatta Sz. Kiss Csaba]. 1985; [16]; Claude Colleer Abbott,ed.,
The letter of Gerard Manley Hopkins to Robert Bridges. 1955; [17]; Selected
poems Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1992; [18]; Norman H. MacKenzie, ed. and
notes, The later poetic manuscripts of Gerard Manley Hopkins in facsimile
edited with annotations, transcriptions of obscure words and an explanatory.
1991; [19]; William Foltz, Todd K. Bender, eds., A concordance to the
sermons of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1989; [20]; Catherine Phillips, ed.,
Gerard Manley Hopkins selected letters. 1991, c1990; [21]; Norman H. Mackenzie,
intro., The early poetic manuscripts and note-books of Gerard Manley Hopkins
in facsimile edited with annotations, transcriptions of unpublished; passages
and an explanatory. 1989; [22]; Norman H. Mackenzie, ed., The poetical
works of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1990; [23]; Jonathan Baylis, ed., Gerard
Manley Hopkins portrait of a poet video cassette and book with interview
with Peter Gale and selected poems and prose of Gerard Manley Hopkins
illustrated by Mark Adams. 1989; [24]; John McDermott, Hopkins in Lancashire
selected writings of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1989; [25]; Catherine Phillips,
ed., Gerard Manley Hopkins selected letters. 1990; [26]; [deleted item
by modern namesake]; Walford Davies, ed., The major poems [of] Gerard
Manley Hopkins. 1979; [28]; W. Bronzwaer, ed., Gedichten keuze uit zijn
poëzie met vertalingen en commentaren Gerald Manley Hopkins samengesteld.
[1984]; [29]; Pierre Leyris, choix et traduction, Poèmes accompagnés
de proses et de dessins Gerard Manley Hopkins. [1980]; [30]; [[deleted
items by modern namesake]; [37]; Catherine Phillips, ed., Gerard Manley
Hopkins. 1986; [38]; W.H. Gardner, ed., Poems and prose of Gerard Manley
Hopkins. 1953; [39]; [deleted item by modern namesake]; K.E. Smith, sel.
and ed., with notes, Gerard Manley Hopkins poetry and prose. 1976; [41];
Robert J. Dilligan and Todd K. Bender, comp., A concordance to the English
poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1986; [42]; Stanislaw Baranczak, [ed.,]
Wybór poezji Gerard Manley Hopkins wyboru dokonal, przelozyl i
wstepem opatrzyl. 1981; [43]; Paola Bottalla Nordio, intro. and notes,
The wreck of the Deutschland Gerard Manley Hopkins testo. 1979; [44];
Franco Marucci, ed., Il silenzio e la parola Gerard Manley Hopkins [ampia
scelta antologica corredata da traduzione a fronte da]. 1977; [45]; Penmaen
Pool for the visitors' book at the inn Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1985; [46];
Epithalamion Gerard Manley Hopkins the linocut illustrations are by J.
Martin Pitts. 1982; [47]; Kris Long, [trans.] Poemoj Gerard Manley Hopkins
Esperantigis. 1978. COMM, [1]; Margaret Johnson, Gerard Manley Hopkins
and tractarian poetry. c1997; [2]; Thomas Hugh Dunne, Gerard Manley Hopkins
a comprehensive bibliography [3]; Donald Walhout, ed., Selected poems
of Gerard Manley Hopkins with modern English paraphrases. c1995; [4];
The works of Gerard Manley Hopkins with an introduction and bibliography.
c1994; [5]; Gerald Roberts, ed., Gerard Manley Hopkins the critical heritage
edited 1995, c1987; [6]; Virginia Ridley Ellis, Gerard Manley Hopkins
and the language of mystery. c1991; [7]; A.J. Sebastian, Aesthetic and
religious quest in Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1994; [8]; Catherine Phillips,
ed., Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1995; [9]; Anthony Mortimer, ed., The authentic
cadence centennial essays on Gerard Manley Hopkins c1992; [10]; Franco
Marucci, The fine delight that fathers thought rhetoric and medievalism
in Gerard Manley Hopkins. c1994; [11]; Gerald Roberts, Gerard Manley Hopkins
a literary life. 1994; [12]; Jude V. Nixon, Gerard Manley Hopkins and
his contemporaries Liddon, Newman, Darwin, and Pater. 1994; [13]; Geoffrey
Moore sel. and intro., Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1993; [14]; John Gallagher,
Gerard Manley Hopkins Jesuit and poet. c1992; [15]; The random grim forge
a study of social ideas in the work of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1992; [16];
Mary Theresa Kyne, Country parsons, country poets George Herbert and Gerard
Manley Hopkins as spiritual autobiographers, introductory notes Samuel
J. Hazo and Albert C. Labriola, ills. by Scott McGrath and Mary Seton
Wacker. c1992; [17]; Claude Colleer Abbott, ed., The letter of Gerard
Manley Hopkins to Robert Bridges, with notes & an introduction. 1955;
[18]; James Olney, The language(s) of poetry Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson,
Gerard Manley Hopkins. c1993; [19]; Jospeh Magoon, sel., A bibliography
of writings about Gerard Manley Hopkins from 1985 to 1990,. c1993; [20];
Shirley M.C. Johnson and Todd K. Bender,ed., The collected poems of Canon
Richard Watson Dixon, 1833-1900. c1989; [21]; Robert Bernard Martin, Gerard
Manley Hopkins a very private life. 1992, c1991; [22]; Norman H. MacKenzie,
intro., The later poetic manuscripts of Gerard Manley Hopkins in facsimile
edited with annotations, transcriptions of obscure words and an explanatory.
1991; [23]; A concordance to the sermons of Gerard Manley Hopkins William
Foltz, Todd K. Bender. 1989; [24]; The Ignatian personality of Gerard
Manley Hopkins David Anthony Downes. c1990; [25]; Gerard Manley Hopkins
selected letters edited by Catherine Phillips. 1991, c1990; [26]; The
fine delight centenary essays on Gerard Manley Hopkins edited by Francis
L. Fennell. c1989; [27]; Gerard Manley Hopkins a very private life Robert
Bernard Martin. 1991; [28]; The early poetic manuscripts and note-books
of Gerard Manley Hopkins in facsimile edited with annotations, transcriptions
of unpublished; passages and an explanatory introduction by Norman H.
Mackenzie. 1989; [29]; The sacramental vision of Gerard Manley Hopkins
a centennial tribute. c1989; [30]; Norman H. Mackenzie, The poetical works
of Gerard Manley Hopkins edited by. 1990; [31]; W.A.M. Peters, Gerard
Manley Hopkins: a tribute. c1984; [32]; Jonathan Baylis, Gerard Manley
Hopkins portrait of a poet video cassette and book including interview
with; Peter Gale and selected poems and prose of Gerard Manley Hopkins
illustrated by Mark Adams. 1989; [33]; John McDermott, ed., and intro.,
Hopkins in Lancashire selected writings of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1989;
[34]; Sheila Deane, Bardic style in the poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins,
W. B. Yeats & Dylan Thomas. c1989; [35]; Catherine Phillips, sel.
and ed., Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1990; [36]; Maria R. Lichtmann, The contemplative
poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins. c1989; [37]; J. R. Watson, The poetry
of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1987; [38]; Paddy Kitchen, Gerard Manley Hopkins
a life. 1989; [39]; Walford Davies , The major poems [of]; Gerard Manley
Hopkins. 1979; [40]; María Pilar Abad García, La unidad
en la obra de Gerard Manley Hopkins su literatura epistolar. 1983; [41];
Marylou Mott, ‘Mined with a motion’ the poetry of Gerard Manley
Hopkins. c1984; [42]; Anthony Kenny, God and two poets Arthur Hugh Clough
and Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1988; [43]; R.J.C. Watt, ed., Selected poems
of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1987; [44]; The Christocentre theme in Gerard
Manley Hopkins' ‘The Wreck of the Deutschland’. c1952; [45:
Ma. Pilar Abad García , as above 1983 [i.e. 1984]; [46]; All my
eyes see the visual world of Gerard Manley Hopkins edited by R.K.R. Thornton.
1975; [47]; Vital candle Victorian and modern bearings in Gerard Manley
Hopkins proceedings of the international conference, March 1981, ‘Gerard;
Manley Hopkins: the poet in his age’ organised jointly by the University
of Waterloo and Wilfrid Laurier University edited by John S. North and;
Michael D. Moore. c1984; [48]; Gerard Manley Hopkins a critical symposium
by the 'Kenyon' critics. 1975; [49]; Gerard Manley Hopkins by Graham Storey.
1984; [50]; Donald Walhout, Send my roots rain a study of religious experience
in the poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins. c1981; [51]; Jerome Bump Gerard
Manley Hopkins. c1982; [52]; Michael Sprinker, A counterpoint of dissonance
the aesthetics and poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins. c1980; [53]; ed.,
Gerald Roberts Gerard Manley Hopkins the critical heritage. 1987; [54];
Catherine MacKenzie, ed., and notes, Gerard Manley Hopkins, selected poems.
1983; [55]; John Robinson, In extremity a study of Gerard Manley Hopkins.
1978; [56]; Daniel A. Harris, Inspirations unbidden the 'terrible sonnets'
of Gerard Manley Hopkins. c1982; [57]; Ellen Eve Frank, Literary architecture
essays toward a tradition: Walter Pater, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Marcel
Proust, Henry James. 1979; [58]; Norman H. MacKenzie, A reader's guide
to Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1981; [59]; Bernard Bergonzi, Gerard Manley
Hopkins. 1977; [60]; Margaret Bottrall, ed., Manley Hopkins, poems a casebook.
1975; [61]; Paddy Kitchen, Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1978; [62]; James Milroy,
The language of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1977; [63]; Tom Dunne, Gerard Manley
Hopkins, a comprehensive bibliography. 1976; [64]; Seamus Heaney, The
fire i' the flint reflections on the poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins.
1975; [65]; Margaret R. Ellsberg, Created to praise the language of Gerard
Manley Hopkins. 1987; [66]; Catherine Phillips, ed., Gerard Manley Hopkins.
1986; [67]; W.H. Gardner, sel. and intro., Poems and prose of Gerard Manley
Hopkins. 1953; [68]; W.H. Gardner, sel. and intro., Gerard Manley Hopkins
poetry and prose. 1976; [69]; Gerard Manley Hopkins' sonnets of desolation
an analysis of meaning. c1951; [70]; Robert J. Dilligan and Todd K. Bender,
compiled, A concordance to the English poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins.
1986l; [71]; [Thomas Corbishley,]; Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1973; [72];
[Hugh Montefoire,]; Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1972; [73]; F.R. Leavis, Gerard
Manley Hopkins reflections after fifty years. 1971; [74]; Franco Marucci,
I fogli della Sibilla retorica e medievalismo in Gerard Manley Hopkins.
1981; [75]; Leo Martin van Noppen, [ed.,]; Gerard Manley Hopkins: The
wreck of the Deutschland 1980; [76]; J. van Oortmerssen, The idiosyncrasies
of the poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins. 1976.
Peter Costello, Clongowes Wood (1991), ‘Gerard Manly [sic] Hopkins found some peace there during those last years in Ireland (p. 151); MS of The Soldier, written at Clongowes (shown 153 facing).
W. B. Stanford, Ireland and the Classical Tradition (IAP 1976; 1984), Hopkins’ letters during his time in Dublin (1884-89) suggest many promising lines of research, especially in Greek metrics; he published nothing of note in classics, and his predilection for Plato and Duns Scotus made for intellectual incompatibility with the Aristotelians in the College. A legend persists that on one occasion the members of his class persuaded him to let them drag him by the heels round the classroom to demonstrate Achilles’ treatment of Hector’s corpse at Troy, a rather drastic exercise in what Aristotle in his Poetics terms ‘joining physically in the action of one’s subject’. [65]
Frank Tuohy, Yeats (1976), gives an an account of Hopkins’s visit to the studio of John Butler Yeats, as retold in his letter to Coventry Patmore, 7 Nov., and his judgement on Mosada, a copy of which W. B. Yeats presented to him, ‘strained and unworkable allegory about a young man and a sphinx on a rock in the sea (how did they get there? What did they eat?, and so on ...)’ (Tuohy, p.39; see also Ellmann, Yeats: The Man and the Masks, 1948, p.50; and ftn.; quoted from Further Letters of Gerard Manley Hopkins, Oxford 1938, pp.225-56.)
Joseph J. Feeney, ‘My Dearest Father, Some unpublished letters
of Gerard Manley Hopkins’, Times Literary Supplement, 22
Dec. 1996; includes three letters addressed to Jesuits (the only known
extant examples), the second to Fr. Matthew Russell, Oct. 10 1886, friend
and editor of Irish Monthly, then publishing Latin translations
of English nursery rhymes; Hopkins’s advice was sought on the rendering
of ‘Sing a Song of Sixpence’; the third is a letter to John
Henry Newman from the ‘poor University College’, drizzly weak
under the successors of Newman (this letter inaccurately printed in 1930);
Hopkins. a consummate Englishman, broods about Ireland’s stance in
politics and religion; hope[s] that Rome will condemn the Plan of Campaign
as it did 20 April 1888; ‘This poor University College, the some-how-or-other
mannered wreck of the Catholic University, is afloat and not sinking;
rather making a very little way than losing any. There is scarcely any
public interest in the University question in this country. Nay, there
is none. [...&c.]’ Times Literary Supplement prints Ann
Eleanor Hopkin’s portrait sketch of Hopkins. See TLS, 22 Dec. 1995,
p.13-14.
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Princess Grace Irish Library (Monaco)